(U.S.) — U.S. airline tickets are heading higher as jet fuel costs jump, and travelers are feeling it through fares, bag fees, and fewer cheap seats. One industry report says carriers lost close to $1 billion last quarter as the Iran war pushed fuel prices up after disruption in the Strait of Hormuz.

The pressure is showing up fast in airline budgets. U.S. carriers spent nearly $6.5 billion on fuel in April alone, up more than 26% from March and 78% from April 2025. The average jet fuel price reached $4.11 per gallon, which was 94 cents higher than March and $1.81 above the same month last year.

That spike does not stay inside the airline ledger. Higher fuel bills tend to surface in fare increases first, then in tighter schedules, fewer marginal routes, and more fees on the extras travelers notice at checkout. The pain is not evenly spread, but it reaches almost every U.S. carrier because fuel is one of the biggest variable costs in the business.

Industry profit forecasts are heading the wrong way as well. One global airline outlook cut projected 2026 net profit to $23 billion, down $18 billion from the prior forecast. Net profit per passenger is now expected to fall from $9.10 in 2025 to $4.50 in 2026.

Willie Walsh, the director general of the International Air Transport Association, said the war and higher fuel costs have “shifted the outlook for airlines to the worse.” He added that some of the cost increase is being recovered through price changes and better efficiency, but not enough to preserve last year’s profit levels. That leaves airlines with a familiar playbook: raise fares where demand can take it, add or lift bag charges, and slow aircraft spending where possible.

Four major U.S. airlines, American Airlines, United, Delta, and Southwest, are projected to face an extra $11 billion in fuel costs in 2026 under one industry estimate. American has put a number on the sensitivity: a one-cent-per-gallon rise in jet fuel would add about $50 million to its annual fuel bill in 2026.

Those changes are already filtering into airline behavior. Carriers are raising baggage fees where they can, deferring aircraft deliveries to protect cash, and lifting fares when demand is strong enough to absorb the increase. That does not mean every route is suddenly unaffordable, but it does mean the cheapest tickets are likely to disappear sooner, especially on busy domestic routes and peak travel dates.

The situation is harsher for weaker airlines. Spirit Airlines ceased operations in May after two Chapter 11 bankruptcies in the prior two years. That collapse highlights how quickly a low-margin airline can unravel when costs jump and ticket prices do not keep pace.

The core risk sits in the Strait of Hormuz, where roughly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply passes. Any disruption there can ripple through global energy markets in hours, then hit airlines through higher jet fuel prices, longer routings, and added operating costs. When airlines reroute around unstable airspace or pay more for fuel hedges and spot purchases, those expenses flow into fares, service cutbacks, and fee changes.

Passengers usually see the first signs at booking. Nonstop flights can rise faster than connecting itineraries. Basic Economy seats can vanish earlier. Checked-bag charges can change with little notice. Award tickets can also become less attractive if cash fares rise only modestly, because the miles needed for a redemption may not move as quickly as the market price. Travelers chasing points should compare cash and award prices before booking, then watch whether a fare increase is broad-based or limited to a single airline.

Competitive pressure still matters. Delta, United, American, and Southwest do not react the same way to fuel spikes, and that creates opportunities for flexible travelers. A fare jump on one carrier can leave another slightly cheaper on the same city pair, especially where competition is thin. Loyalty members should also watch elite-qualifying opportunities, since higher fares can help or hurt depending on the program and booking class. In some cases, paying cash for a slightly higher fare can still earn enough redeemable miles to make sense, while in others a points booking protects the budget from further price moves.

Booking early is the safest move for fall and holiday travel. Lock in flights before airlines finish passing through the latest fuel shock, and check bag fees before final payment. If a route is served by multiple carriers, compare the full trip cost, not just the base fare. With fuel still elevated and the Strait of Hormuz still a market risk, the next round of price increases can show up with little warning.