FWD.us projects that 35,000 Michigan immigrants will have lost temporary status by the end of 2026, with the total rising to 44,000 by the end of 2028 under current trends. The forecast covers people who could lose protection from deportation and the ability to work as the Trump administration ends or limits programs.
Those are projections, not a count of people certain to lose status. Some people whose parole or Temporary Protected Status ends have obtained other protections, including asylum.
The losses build on changes already made. By the end of 2025, an estimated 8,000 people in Michigan had lost status, according to the FWD.us analysis.
Michigan’s protected residents include workers, taxpayers and U.S. citizen family members
At the start of 2025, about 73,000 people in Michigan held temporary protections. The group included recipients of DACA and TPS, people granted parole, people with pending asylum cases, pending U or I visa applications, and applicants for Special Immigrant Juvenile status.
The protections covered an estimated 39,000 workers. Those workers contributed $1.3 billion annually to the state’s economy, while the group paid an estimated $328 million in combined taxes in 2025.
About 71,000 family members lived with them, including 24,000 U.S. citizen adults and 22,000 U.S. citizen children. The projected status losses therefore reach households beyond the people whose protections expire.
Among the 8,000 Michigan residents who had lost status by the end of 2025, 3,000 had been workers with employment authorization. Each of the top affected industries had fewer than 1,000 such workers: construction, leisure and hospitality, business services, wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, transportation and utilities, and healthcare and education.
Their lost annual economic contributions totaled $70 million. That included $6 million in federal and payroll taxes and $7 million in state and local taxes.
Policy changes are driving losses, but not every affected person loses protection
The administration revoked parole for people admitted through the Cuban-Haitian-Nicaraguan-Venezuelan policy, known as CHNV, and through the southern border using CBPOne. It also ended parole for Afghans who entered through Operation Allies Welcome.
Separately, the government terminated TPS for Afghanistan, Cameroon, Honduras, Nepal, Nicaragua and Venezuela. Many people affected by parole or TPS changes pursued other protections, especially asylum, the FWD.us analysis said.
Nationally, more than a million people had lost status by August 2026, with the cancellation of seven additional TPS designations driving much of the increase. Those countries were Burma, Ethiopia, Haiti, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria and Yemen.
FWD.us also projected more losses if TPS for El Salvador, Lebanon, Sudan and Ukraine ended as expected by year’s end. Recent DHS decisions have left protections in place for some people from those countries while the department considers its next steps.
The national projections and lawsuits show how much remains in motion
When President Donald Trump took office in early 2025, an estimated 6.1 million people nationwide had temporary protection, including DACA recipients, TPS holders, people with parole and people with pending asylum applications. By the end of that year, about 500,000 had lost protections under program terminations and policy changes.
More than 300,000 fewer workers were in the labor force, representing $11 billion in annual economic contributions. FWD.us projects that 2.2 million people nationwide could lose status by the end of 2026 if remaining TPS designations end and new asylum restrictions accelerate losses. More than 1.2 million of them would have been in the workforce.
The group projects 3.5 million people will have lost protection by the end of 2028, including DACA recipients affected by backlogs and processing delays. It estimates the cumulative economic impact at $79 billion in economic contributions and $24 billion in tax revenue. More than a million U.S. citizen children could have parents or other household members who lose status.
Congress created TPS in 1990 for people in the United States whose home countries face armed conflict, environmental disasters or other extraordinary crises. The program allows recipients to remain and work for renewable periods when the homeland security secretary finds conditions unsafe for return, but it does not provide a path to permanent residency.
Terminations have faced dozens of lawsuits. In a case involving Venezuelan TPS holders, a district court ruled in September 2025 that the attempted termination was unlawful because it did not comply with the Administrative Procedure Act. The Supreme Court stayed that ruling in October 2025. Attorneys for the TPS holders and the National TPS Alliance have asked a federal appeals court to let the district court order take effect as the Supreme Court stay approaches expiration in November.
If the stay expires without a new one, the district court order would restore TPS for an estimated 600,000 Venezuelans. Venezuela received TPS designations in 2021 and 2023 amid a severe humanitarian crisis.
The litigation has also involved people removed from the United States. Carlos Sanchez Villa, a Venezuelan TPS holder and father of two children in the country, was deported to Liberia in August 2026 after an immigration judge barred his removal to Venezuela because of risks to his life. In a court declaration, he said: “I had no prior connection to Liberia, or anywhere else in Africa. I am separated from my wife and teenage children, and my life is in ruins.”
Jose Palma, coordinator of the National TPS Alliance and lead plaintiff, said the terminations had harmed individuals, families and communities, and that the group would keep fighting to protect TPS holders. The plaintiffs are represented by the National Day Laborer Organizing Network, the ACLU Foundations of Northern California and Southern California, and the Miñana Family Center for Immigration Law and Policy at the UCLA School of Law.
DHS has delayed decisions on several countries, leaving protections in place for now
DHS had not announced whether it would extend TPS for Ukrainians and Sudanese by Oct. 19, 2026, when protections were scheduled to end for about 101,000 Ukrainians and 1,800 Sudanese. The department said an announcement would come “at the appropriate time” and that covered Ukrainians and Sudanese “retain protection” until then.
Halyna Yusypiuk, a spokeswoman for the Ukrainian Embassy in Washington, said: “Based on our current understanding, TPS for Ukrainians is expected to be extended for an additional six months beyond October.” Jessica Bansal, an attorney focused on TPS litigation, said, “This is different,” and speculated that officials might hesitate to remove employees from more American businesses so close to the election.
Todd Schulte, president of FWD.us, argued that ending protections for Ukrainians in battleground states would carry political costs. He said it would be unpopular to demand that Ukrainians who fled Russia’s invasion leave shortly before the election. Yuriy Boyechko, CEO of Hope For Ukraine, called the late notice “last-minute patches” and a “bandage that has been placed on a wound that does not solve the real issue.” He called for a path to permanent residency.
Andrew Arthur, a national-security and immigration expert at the Center for Immigration Studies, said the extension would precede termination, while arguing the secretary had authority to continue protections for both countries because armed conflict continued.
The administration also kept protections in place for nearly 200,000 Salvadorans whose TPS was due to expire Sept. 9. DHS said Salvadorans could continue living and working in the United States while it decided what to do. The department has not set a date for its Ukraine and Sudan announcement.
