New Data Reveals 1 Million Fewer Illegal Immigrants in U.S. Since January

Key Takeaways

• Illegal immigrant population dropped nearly 957,000 from January to May 2025 per CIS study.
• Trump administration reinstated strict policies increasing arrests, deportations, and border enforcement.
• Immigrant labor force participation fell by about 600,000 workers in early 2025.

The purpose of this analysis is to examine the recent and significant decline in the illegal immigrant population in the United States 🇺🇸, as reported by the Center for Immigration Studies (CIS) in June 2025. This content aims to provide a clear, data-driven overview of the changes, the policies behind them, and the broader effects on society and the economy. The scope includes a review of the latest numbers, the enforcement actions that led to these changes, and the possible consequences for different groups. The analysis draws on official data, expert commentary, and multiple perspectives to present a balanced and factual account.

Methodology

The primary data source for this analysis is the June 19, 2025, study by the Center for Immigration Studies. The CIS study uses monthly survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau to estimate the illegal immigrant population. This approach allows for timely tracking of changes in the population, especially in response to new policies. The study compares figures from January 2025 to May 2025, focusing on both the total number of illegal immigrants and their participation in the labor force.

Other sources referenced include:

• Pew Research Center demographic research for historical context and comparison
• Official U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) policy updates
• U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) statistics for border enforcement data

The analysis also considers statements from key officials, including Steven A. Camarota, the lead author of the CIS study, and public messaging from the Trump administration.

Key Findings

• Illegal immigrant population fell by about 957,000 between January and May 2025, from an estimated 15.8 million to 14.8 million.
• Immigrant labor force participation dropped by roughly 600,000 during the same period, suggesting many illegal immigrants have left the workforce and the country.
• The decline is closely linked to the return of President Trump and the reinstatement of stricter immigration enforcement policies, a phenomenon described as the “Trump effect.”
• The Trump administration has reversed many Biden-era policies, leading to increased arrests, deportations, and a near-shutdown of the border to illegal immigration.
• The reduction in illegal immigrants has practical effects on labor markets, immigrant communities, and industries that rely on immigrant labor.

Data Presentation and Visual Descriptions

To help readers picture the changes, imagine a line graph showing the illegal immigrant population in the United States 🇺🇸 over time. The line rises during the Biden administration, peaking at about 15.8 million in January 2025. After President Trump takes office, the line drops sharply, reaching 14.8 million by May 2025. This represents the largest short-term decline in recent years.

A second visual might show a bar chart comparing immigrant labor force participation in January and May 2025. The bars would show a clear decrease of about 600,000 workers, highlighting the impact on the workforce.

Comparisons, Trends, and Patterns

Looking at the broader trend, the unauthorized immigrant population in the United States 🇺🇸 has changed over time:

• 2007: Peaked at about 12.2 million (Pew Research Center)
• 2019: Declined to around 10.5 million
• 2022: Rose again to about 11 million (Pew Research Center)
• 2025: Estimated at 15.8 million in January, dropping to 14.8 million in May (CIS)

The recent drop of nearly 1 million illegal immigrants in just five months is unusual. Previous changes in the population were slower and less dramatic. The sharp decline in 2025 stands out as a direct response to policy changes and enforcement actions.

Evidence-Based Conclusions

The data strongly suggest that stricter enforcement policies have a direct and immediate effect on the illegal immigrant population. According to analysis by VisaVerge.com, the combination of increased deportations, public messaging about enforcement, and a near-complete border shutdown has led to both voluntary departures and forced removals.

Key evidence includes:

• Removal of restrictions on deportation officers: Officers can now arrest and deport illegal immigrants without the limits that existed under the Biden administration.
• Encouragement of “self-deportation”: Public messaging and enforcement actions have led some illegal immigrants to leave on their own.
• Border shutdown: Fewer new illegal immigrants are entering the country, so those who leave or are deported are not being replaced.

Limitations

While the CIS study provides timely and detailed estimates, there are some limitations to consider:

• Different methodologies: The CIS and Pew Research Center use different methods to estimate the illegal immigrant population, leading to different numbers. Pew’s estimate for 2022 was about 11 million, while CIS’s estimate for early 2025 was 15.8 million.
• Survey data challenges: Census Bureau surveys may undercount or overcount certain groups, especially those who avoid contact with government agencies.
• Short-term focus: The data cover only the first five months of 2025. Longer-term trends may differ as policies and conditions change.

Policy Changes and Enforcement Actions

The Trump administration’s approach since January 2025 has included several major changes:

• Deportation officers: Now have broad authority to identify, arrest, and deport illegal immigrants without previous restrictions.
• Expedited removal: Immigration courts are processing cases more quickly, leading to faster deportations.
• Border enforcement: Agencies have increased patrols, built barriers, and used technology to prevent illegal crossings.
• Public messaging: The administration has made it clear that illegal immigrants face a high risk of detention and deportation.

Step-by-Step Enforcement Process

1. Identification: Deportation officers use data and field operations to find illegal immigrants.
2. Arrest: Officers detain individuals who are in the country without legal status.
3. Removal proceedings: Immigration courts review cases and issue removal orders.
4. Deportation: Individuals are returned to their home countries.
5. Voluntary departure: Some illegal immigrants choose to leave on their own, often after contact with authorities or due to fear of enforcement.

Practical Effects on Stakeholders

• Illegal immigrants: Face increased risk of arrest, detention, and deportation. Many report heightened fear and uncertainty.
• Employers: Especially in agriculture, construction, and service industries, may struggle to find enough workers as the immigrant labor force shrinks.
• Communities: Some areas with large immigrant populations may see changes in school enrollment, housing demand, and local economies.
• Families: Risk of separation if some members are deported while others remain.

Multiple Perspectives

• Pro-enforcement advocates: Argue that the decline in illegal immigrants proves that strict policies work. They believe that strong enforcement protects jobs, reduces crime, and upholds the rule of law.
• Immigrant rights groups: Worry about the humanitarian impact, including family separations, fear in communities, and the well-being of children. They call for more humane policies and legal pathways.
• Economic analysts: Warn that sudden drops in the immigrant workforce can cause labor shortages, raise prices, and slow economic growth in some sectors.
• Policymakers: Some support continued enforcement, while others push for comprehensive immigration reform to address root causes and create legal options.

Background and Historical Context

The United States 🇺🇸 has seen changes in its illegal immigrant population over the past two decades. After peaking in 2007, the number declined until 2019, then rose again during the Biden administration. The increase was partly due to relaxed enforcement and higher border crossings. The return of President Trump in January 2025 brought a sharp reversal, with renewed focus on border security and deportations.

Comparison of Estimates

• Pew Research Center: Estimated about 11 million unauthorized immigrants in 2022, using demographic analysis and official records.
• Center for Immigration Studies: Estimated 15.8 million in January 2025, using monthly Census Bureau surveys. The higher number reflects both different methods and recent increases.

Future Outlook

Looking ahead, several factors will shape the illegal immigrant population in the United States 🇺🇸:

• Continued enforcement: The Trump administration is expected to keep or even increase current enforcement efforts.
• Legislative changes: Congress may consider new immigration laws, but the outcome is uncertain.
• Labor market impacts: Industries that rely on immigrant labor will need to adapt to a smaller workforce.
• Humanitarian concerns: Advocacy groups will monitor the effects on families and communities.
• Updated data: The Census Bureau is expected to release new population estimates later in 2025, which may confirm or adjust current figures.

Official Resources and Further Information

For readers seeking more details on border enforcement and immigration statistics, the official U.S. Customs and Border Protection Southwest Land Border Encounter Statistics page provides up-to-date data on border encounters and enforcement actions.

The Center for Immigration Studies offers research and reports on immigration trends and policies, while the Pew Research Center provides demographic and immigration research for context and comparison.

Conclusion and Actionable Takeaways

The sharp decline in the illegal immigrant population in the United States 🇺🇸 since January 2025 is a direct result of policy changes and increased enforcement under the Trump administration. The data show that nearly 1 million fewer illegal immigrants are now in the country, with a significant drop in immigrant labor force participation. These changes have wide-ranging effects on individuals, families, employers, and communities.

Key takeaways for readers:

• Illegal immigrants currently in the United States 🇺🇸 face a higher risk of detention and deportation. It is important for individuals to know their rights and seek legal advice if needed.
• Employers should review hiring practices and be aware of changes in labor availability, especially in industries that depend on immigrant workers.
• Community organizations and advocacy groups may need to provide additional support to affected families and individuals.
• Policymakers and the public should monitor both the economic and humanitarian impacts of these changes and consider the need for comprehensive immigration reform.

As reported by VisaVerge.com, the interplay of enforcement, policy, and population trends will remain a key issue in the months ahead. Readers can stay informed by following updates from official sources and reputable research organizations.

For those seeking more information on immigration enforcement policies, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security provides official updates and resources.

Limitations and Final Notes

This analysis is based on the most recent data available as of June 2025. Population estimates may change as new data are released. Different research organizations use different methods, which can lead to varying numbers. The situation remains dynamic, and ongoing monitoring is essential for a full understanding of the trends and their effects.

By presenting the facts, data, and multiple perspectives, this content aims to help readers make informed decisions and understand the complex changes shaping immigration in the United States 🇺🇸 today.

Learn Today

Illegal Immigrants → Individuals residing in a country without legal permission or valid visas.
Center for Immigration Studies → A research organization analyzing immigration data and policy impacts in the U.S.
Deportation → The formal removal of a person from a country for violating immigration laws.
Labor Force Participation → The number of people working or actively seeking work within the immigrant community.
Expedited Removal → A faster legal process that allows immediate deportation without full court hearings.

This Article in a Nutshell

The illegal immigrant population in the U.S. dropped sharply in early 2025 due to strict Trump-era enforcement. Nearly one million fewer immigrants and reduced labor force participation highlight the impact of policy reversals on immigration trends and the economy.
— By VisaVerge.com