Trump Administration Proposes Tougher US Citizenship Test Standards

As of August 1, 2025, the United States 🇺🇸 is on the verge of major immigration changes, as the Trump administration pushes for a tougher US citizenship test and a new H-1B visa program selection system. These proposals, led by US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) Director Joseph Edlow, aim to make the citizenship process more demanding and to give priority to higher-paid, highly skilled foreign workers. The administration says these steps will protect American jobs and ensure new citizens truly understand US civics, but critics warn they could make immigration harder for many families and businesses.

US Citizenship Test: A Move Toward Tougher Standards

The US citizenship test, officially called the naturalization test, is a key step for immigrants who want to become US citizens. Right now, applicants study a list of 100 civics questions and must answer 6 out of 10 correctly during their interview. The English test requires them to read and write simple sentences. This format has been in place for several years and is designed to check basic knowledge of US history, government, and the ability to use English in everyday situations.

However, the Trump administration, through Director Edlow, says this test is “too easy.” Edlow argues that the current system lets people pass by simply memorizing answers, without really understanding what it means to be a US citizen. He states, “The test as it’s laid out right now, it’s not very difficult. It’s very easy to kind of memorize the answers. I don’t think we’re really comporting with the spirit of the law.” Edlow wants to return to a stricter version of the test, similar to what was used during the previous Trump administration from 2017 to 2021.

During that earlier period, the test was made harder by increasing the number of questions from 10 to 20, and requiring applicants to answer at least 12 correctly. The administration now plans to bring back this tougher format, which would mean applicants need a deeper understanding of US civics, not just the ability to memorize facts.

Why Change the US Citizenship Test?

The main reason given for making the US citizenship test more difficult is to ensure that new citizens have a real grasp of US values, history, and government. Edlow and other officials believe that simply memorizing answers does not show true understanding. They argue that citizenship is a serious commitment, and the test should reflect that.

Edlow also wants to see English skills tested more thoroughly. Right now, the English part of the test is limited to reading and writing a few simple sentences. Edlow suggests that English ability should be checked throughout the entire naturalization interview, making sure applicants can communicate well in real-life situations.

These changes are not just about the test itself. Edlow has pointed out that the USCIS is facing a growing backlog of cases, which he calls a national security threat. He promises to reduce wait times for applicants, but also says the agency will not lower its standards. The goal, he says, is to make sure the system is both fair and secure.

How Will the Changes Be Made?

Changing the US citizenship test is not something that can happen overnight. The administration must follow the federal rule-making process, which includes publishing proposed changes, allowing time for public comments, and then finalizing the new rules. This process ensures that the public, advocacy groups, and lawmakers have a chance to share their views before any changes take effect.

If approved, the new test would likely require applicants to answer more questions, with a higher number of correct answers needed to pass. The English part of the test would also become more demanding, with applicants expected to show their language skills throughout the interview.

What Does This Mean for Applicants?

For people hoping to become US citizens, these changes could make the process more challenging. Applicants would need to spend more time studying US history, government, and civics, and might need to improve their English skills before applying. Those who rely on memorizing answers could find themselves unprepared for the new test format.

Some experts worry that a tougher test could lead to higher failure rates, especially for older applicants or those with limited formal education. Others say it could discourage eligible immigrants from applying for citizenship at all, which would have long-term effects on families and communities.

A Closer Look: The H-1B Visa Program Overhaul

At the same time, the Trump administration is moving to change the H-1B visa program, which allows US companies to hire foreign workers in specialty jobs, especially in technology and science. Each year, about 85,000 H-1B visas are given out, with 20,000 reserved for people who have a master’s degree or higher from a US university.

Currently, the H-1B visa program uses a random lottery system. All eligible applicants are entered into a computer-run lottery, and winners are chosen at random. This means that someone with a lower salary offer has the same chance as someone with a higher salary.

The administration now wants to replace this lottery with a wage-based selection system. Under the new plan, H-1B petitions would be ranked based on the salary offered. The highest-paying jobs would be chosen first, starting with those at the top wage level (Level IV), then moving down to Level III, II, and I. This system is based on Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) wage levels, which are set by the US Department of Labor.

Why Change the H-1B Selection Process?

Director Edlow explains that the H-1B program should “supplement, not supplant, US economy and US businesses and US workers.” In other words, the program should help fill gaps in the workforce, not replace American workers with lower-paid foreign workers. The administration says that by giving priority to higher-paid, highly skilled workers, the new system will protect American jobs and make sure the H-1B program is used as intended.

This change also responds to criticism from some Republican lawmakers and Vice President JD Vance, who argue that the current system attracts workers willing to accept lower salaries than American workers. They say this puts downward pressure on wages and can lead to US workers losing their jobs.

Expected Impact of Wage-Based Selection

A 2025 study by the Institute for Progress suggests that prioritizing higher salaries could raise the average H-1B visa holder’s salary from about $106,000 to $172,000. This would be a big benefit for senior-level tech professionals, researchers, and people with PhDs, who are more likely to receive higher salary offers.

However, the change would make it much harder for outsourcing firms that rely on hiring large numbers of lower-wage workers. These companies often use the H-1B program to bring in workers for jobs that pay less than the top wage levels. Under the new system, their chances of getting visas for these workers would drop sharply.

Criticism and Concerns

Not everyone agrees with the proposed changes. Doug Rand, a former Biden administration official, says that favoring higher-wage earners is the wrong approach. He argues, “Like it or not, the H-1B program is the main way that US companies can hire the best and brightest international graduates of US universities, and Congress never allowed DHS to put its thumb on the scale based on salary.”

Rand and others worry that the new system could hurt US companies’ ability to hire top international talent, especially recent graduates who may not command the highest salaries. They say this could slow down innovation and make it harder for US companies to compete globally.

Implementation Timeline and Legal Steps

The wage-based selection system for H-1B visas was first described in a 2021 Department of Homeland Security (DHS) final rule. Now, the Trump administration is pushing to enforce it. However, the exact timeline for when the new system will start depends on the federal rule-making process and possible legal challenges from affected companies or advocacy groups.

Employers who rely on the H-1B program should keep a close eye on announcements from USCIS and the Federal Register, where official rules are published. They may need to adjust their wage offers or hiring plans to improve their chances of getting H-1B visas for foreign workers.

Broader Immigration Policy Changes

The Trump administration’s push for stricter immigration rules goes beyond the US citizenship test and the H-1B visa program. In 2025, the administration also issued an executive order restricting birthright citizenship for children born to certain noncitizen parents. This order, which took effect on February 19, 2025, has sparked debate and legal challenges, as it touches on long-standing interpretations of the US Constitution.

Director Edlow, who took office on July 18, 2025, has made it clear that tightening immigration rules is a top priority. He says these changes are needed to bring the system in line with the “letter and spirit” of US immigration laws. At the same time, he is working to reduce backlogs at USCIS and speed up case processing, which he links to national security concerns.

Practical Effects for Applicants and Employers

The proposed changes to the US citizenship test and the H-1B visa program will have real effects on immigrants, families, and businesses. Here’s what different groups can expect:

• Citizenship Test Applicants: They will face a more difficult civics and English test, requiring deeper knowledge and better language skills. Preparation will take longer, and those who rely on memorization may struggle to pass. Older applicants or those with less formal education could be especially affected.

• H-1B Visa Applicants: Jobs that offer higher salaries will be more likely to get H-1B visas. Lower-wage jobs, especially those at outsourcing firms, will have a much harder time. This will increase competition for high-skilled roles and could push some employers to raise wages.

• Employers: Companies that depend on the H-1B program will need to review their hiring and wage practices. They may need to offer higher salaries to attract top talent and improve their chances in the new selection system. Outsourcing firms may need to rethink their business models.

• USCIS Processing: The agency is working to reduce backlogs and speed up case processing. While this could mean faster decisions for some applicants, it may also come with stricter scrutiny and higher standards.

Expert and Stakeholder Perspectives

• Joseph Edlow (USCIS Director): He supports tougher citizenship tests and wage-based H-1B selection, saying these steps protect US workers and keep the immigration system strong.

• Republican Lawmakers and Vice President JD Vance: They back the reforms, arguing that they will stop companies from replacing American workers with lower-paid foreign labor.

• Doug Rand (Former Biden Official): He warns that focusing on wages could hurt US companies’ ability to hire the best international graduates, which could slow down innovation and growth.

Preparing for the Changes: Practical Steps

If you are planning to apply for US citizenship or an H-1B visa, here are some steps you can take to prepare for the proposed changes:

• For Citizenship Applicants:
  • Start studying US history, government, and civics in more depth. Don’t just memorize answers—try to understand the meaning behind each question.
  • Practice English in real-life situations, such as speaking, listening, reading, and writing. The new test may check your language skills throughout the interview.
  • Use official study materials from the USCIS Citizenship Resource Center to prepare.
  • Consider joining a citizenship preparation class or working with a tutor if you need extra help.
• For H-1B Visa Applicants and Employers:
  • Review the salary levels for your job category and location. Offering a higher wage could improve your chances under the new system.
  • Stay informed about rule changes by checking the USCIS H-1B page and the Federal Register.
  • Employers should consult with immigration attorneys to make sure their hiring practices meet the new requirements.
  • Prepare for increased competition, especially for high-skilled roles in technology and research.

Official Resources and Where to Get Help

• The US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website is the best place to find updates on the US citizenship test and H-1B visa program. You can also sign up for email updates from the Citizenship Resource Center.
• The Federal Register publishes all proposed and final rules related to immigration. Checking this site regularly will help you stay up to date on new policies.
• If you need personal guidance, consider talking to an immigration lawyer or an accredited representative. They can help you understand how the changes affect your situation and what steps to take next.

Looking Ahead: What Comes Next?

The Trump administration’s proposed changes to the US citizenship test and H-1B visa program are still moving through the federal rule-making process. This means there will be opportunities for public comment and possible legal challenges before any new rules take effect. It’s important for applicants and employers to stay informed and be ready to adapt.

As reported by VisaVerge.com, these changes reflect a broader effort by the administration to tighten immigration rules and make the system more demanding. Supporters say the reforms will protect American jobs and ensure that new citizens and workers are well-prepared. Critics warn that the changes could make it harder for families to reunite, for companies to hire needed talent, and for immigrants to achieve their dreams.

Conclusion: Navigating a Changing Immigration Landscape

The proposed overhaul of the US citizenship test and the H-1B visa program marks a major shift in US immigration policy. For immigrants, families, and employers, these changes bring new challenges and uncertainties. The best way to prepare is to stay informed, seek reliable guidance, and be ready to meet higher standards.

Whether you are studying for the US citizenship test or applying for an H-1B visa, now is the time to focus on building real knowledge and skills. Use official resources, connect with trusted advisors, and keep an eye on policy updates. By taking these steps, you can put yourself in the best position to succeed in a changing immigration system.

For more information on the US citizenship test, H-1B visa program, and other immigration policies, visit the official USCIS website. This site offers up-to-date details, study materials, and contact information for further help.

As the United States 🇺🇸 moves forward with these proposed changes, the impact will be felt by millions of people—immigrants seeking a new home, families hoping to reunite, and businesses looking for talent. The coming months will be critical in shaping the future of US immigration, and staying informed will be key for everyone involved.